![]() ![]() ![]() At the same time, the need was recognized to improve the Concept of Operation of Air Traffic Control (ATC) in general. The management of the CFMU was delegated to EUROCONTROL. The response of the National Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSP's) was to create the Central Flow Management Unit (CFMU) to regulate the air traffic flow over Europe. Then, in Europe, delays severely exceeded acceptable levels. Until the second half of the eighties, the community seemed satisfied with these initiatives. How did we get here? In the 1950's, the approaching era of jet travel and a series of midair collisions prompted the creation of the Federal Aviation Agency (FAA) in the U.S.A. Over 2016, the Annual Report of the Upper Airspace Center in Maastricht reported an increase in traffic of 4.6% with respect to that of 2015, but also an increase in delays of 68%. In the busy summer period, they experienced a 35% increase with respect to 2015. The European Carriers were calling again for action to battle rising ATC delays in 2016. Only if there are hick-ups in ATM performance, e.g., excessive delays experienced by the passengers or aircraft operators, then these programs suddenly come under the scrutiny. An evolutionary approach is adopted starting from an ontology of current ATFM techniques and proceeding to identify the technological and regulatory evolutions required in the future CNS+A context, as the aviation industry moves forward with a clearer understanding of emerging operational needs, the geo-political realities of regional collaboration and the impending needs of global harmonization.ĭuring most of their life cycle, R&D programs for improving the efficiency of the Air Traffic Management (ATM) system can operate quietly in the background, far away from public attention. ![]() This paper critically reviews the field to determine which ATFM research and development efforts hold the best promise for practical technological implementations, offering clear benefits both in terms of enhanced safety and efficiency in times of growing air traffic. National authorities now have access to recently published international standards to guide the development of national and regional operational concepts for ATFM, geared to Communications, Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic Management and Avionics (CNS+A) evolutions. Asia-Pacific nations are particularly pro-active given the traffic growth projections for the region (by 2050 half of all air traffic will be to, from or within the Asia-Pacific region). Singapore, Thailand and Korea are all expected to procure ATFM systems within a year while China is expected to develop a bespoke system. Significant ATFM acquisitions in the last 5 years include South Africa, Australia and India. Increased environmental awareness and economic drivers have combined to create a resurgent interest in ATFM as evidenced by a spate of recent ATFM conferences and workshops mediated by official bodies such as ICAO, IATA, CANSO the FAA and Eurocontrol. Increasing traffic volumes in the face of constrained resources has created peak congestion at specific locations and times in many areas of the world. In recent years Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) has become pertinent even in regions without sustained overload conditions caused by dense traffic operations.
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